Plunger type lock



D. C. HAY

PLUNGER TYPE LOCK 3 Sheets-Sheet l 'IIIII/I INVENTOR. BYDAN/EL C. H4 YATTORNEY.

Jan. 20, 1953 Filed Sept. 24, 1945 IL M 4 w omfl 2 H Jan. 20, 1953 D. c.HAY

PLUNGER TYPE LOCK 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Sept. 24, 1945 w Ii 9 b 9 0 W 67 H b M W W m 5 4 w a z In 5 WM v1. a 4 5 IHMJ 6 6 w a w a I}- 9 a 00 w5 5 no.0

7 y 4 2 V K 0 n fl mm W. n a E 5 0 owo MK i n FM 7 8 H. n M 6 c a 7 a 2V 5 M. M 4 n 44 n W Y a a w B 8 u... w 1 6 o 9 5 w 5 a 5 .w w a 5 4 6 m7 w 5 r 4 5 w 6 1| D Q m 8 51. w m 4 v m Ill 0 1 n m l u w ,5 1 a 6 5 "00 m z Patented Jan. 20, 1953 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PLUNGER TYPELOCK Daniel C. Hay, Santa Monica, Calif. Application September 24, 1945,Serial No. 618,294

10 Claims. 1

This invention relates to equipment. for locking a door or the like, andparticularly pertains to a plunger type lock.

Heretoiore-ithas been common practice to provide doors andFrench windowswith lock structures in which a lock bolt is moved outwardly from thefree edgeof a door into a recess or pocket in a strike plate, the boltbeing moved and held by actuating devices which may embody the directengagement of a: key with the bolt or the actuation of a cylinder andbarrel by means of a key; In each device the lock structure hasembodied: the use of large and cumbersome lock mechanism which must beset into the edge face of thedoor, and in connection with whichprovisions must be made for door knobs and key openings at oppositesides of the door. These structures require considerable time for theirinstallation in a door and also require care in order to insure that:the bolt and striker are in proper register and alignment. It isdesirable tov provide a locle structurewhich-is simple and compact indesign, and is of such shape as to. be easily mounted within a straightcylindricalbore formed directly in the edge of the door. It is theprincipal object of the present invention, there-. fore, to provide alock structure which is simple and compact in construction, may beeasily installed within a door, and can be quickly locked and unlocked,and is further constructed so that the door will be held normally in a.closed position but may be opened and closed without the manipulation ofknobs or movable door handles or the like, the'structure being equallydesirable for use with one-way and swinging doors.

The present invention contemplates the provision of a cylindricallockhousing adapted to be countersunk into a cylindrical bore to bedrilled in the edge of a door, said housing carrying a longitudinallymovable plunger yieldablyurged towardits outermost position and at theouter end of which a roller is mounted to rotate on an axisparallel tothe axis of the hinges supporting the door, said roller engagi-ngastrike plate within which it is held yieldably bythe plunger, thehousing also carrying lock means by which the plunger may be preventedfrom moving in a retracting direction and thus. locking the door.

The invention is illustrated by way of example in the. accompanyingdrawi gs. in which;

Figure lis a fragmentary view in. elevation showingthe application ofthe present invent-1o to/anordinary swinging door.

Fig. 2. is. a view in. horizontal section through theloekstructures;seer line see of .7

Fig.1.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged View in vertical section as seen on the line 3 -3'of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view in vertical section through the lockstructure as seen on the line 44 of Fig. l and shows the key and lockmechanisms.

Fig. 5 is a View in elevation showing the face of the strikeplate.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged view in transverse section and elevation as seenon the line 66 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary view in vertical section and elevation showinganother form of lock barrel.

Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic sectional view similar to Fig. 4 and showingthe knob on the inside of the door pushed entirely intoits latchactuating position, and with the key lock cylinder retracted to itsextreme outward position.

Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 8 in which the key lock on the outsideof the door is pressed inwardly into latch actuating position and theknob on the inside of the door is in its extremeretracted position, thisView illustrating how the detent release pin' on said knob is. slightlywithdrawn from the key lock cylinder extension to permit said detent toretain said extension in latch actuating position.

Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. 9 illustrating the manner in which akey inserted into said key lock cylinder rotates said cylinder to raisesaid detent to release said lock cylinder thereby permitting the latterto withdraw from latch actuating position under the impulse of thesprings within the look, when pressure on said key; is

released, said lock cylinder when it has so withdrawn being located; inthe positionin which itis shown in Fig. 8.

Fig. ii is a view si ilar toFig. 1,0.showingthelock cylinder inv itsiully withdrawn position fol-F. lowing its being unlocked by a keyasshown in Fig. 10, and with the bolt latch lowered to its inoperativeposition so as to unlock the door.

Fig. 12 is a diagrammatic horizontalsectional' view taken on the linel2l,2; of Fig...8yand illus-.

trating the mounting of' the springs in the key lock of the inventionwhich yieldably urge the barrel towards its outward position.

Referringv more particularly. to the drawings, It indicates a. strikeplate for a lockwhich is set into the verticalpost ll 05: a d orirame.The strike plate. has. a. face plate sectionv li -which=v is inset;-into the. face. or: the. jamb. and; which is formed integral withahemispherical' ocketflt. This pocket has; a, diameter somewhat lessthan that of: the outer dimensionsor plate l2, as shown in Fig. of thedrawings. Formed along at least one vertical edge of the face plate I2is an inclined runway I4 which extends from the edge of the pocket I3outwardly and away from that edge to form an inclined runway along whicha lock bolt roller I5 may ride. It is to be understood that when thedoor swings in one direction only one runway I4 is provided, and whenthe door is a full'swinging door two runways I4 are disposed uponopposite sides of the pocket I3 in the strike plate. The roller I5 iscarried upon a reciprocating bolt I6 forming part of the lock unit IT.The lock unit I I is mounted within a cylindrical bore in the edge ofthe door I8. The bolt I5 is formed with an end fork comprising upper andlower parallel arms I9 and 29. These arms are substantially flat andreceive the roller I5 between them. The roller I5 is circular and liesin a horizontal plane. Its circular edge, however, is convex in shape,as indicated at 2I, so that it will contact and roll along the concavesurface of the pocket I3. The diameter of the roller is such as toinsure that when pressure is exerted upon the door I8 the roller willride out of the pocket I3 as the bolt I6 is retracted. The roller isheld in position by a threaded pivot pin 22 which passes through thearms I9 and 29 and provides a rotatable support for the roller. The forkstructure of the bolt is formed atits rear end with a threaded shank 23.The threaded shank extends into a threaded bore 24 of a guide head 25.This head is in longitudinal alignment with the fork portion of the boltand is formed with an enlarged circular flange 26 which is of a diameterslightly greater than the diameter of the roller I5. This flange isslidably mounted within a tubular cylindrical housing 2'! of the lockunit I1. The housing is open at its forward end to-receive the forkstructure and the roller I5 and is there formed with an annularoutwardly flaring flange 28. The flange 28 is engaged by a complementaryretaining flange 29 which is car ried upon a ring 30. The ring 30 isfastened to the back of a mounting plate 3|. This plate is set within arecess in the edge face of the door and is held by screws 32. A faceplate 33 is mounted upon the. outer face of the mounting plate 3| and isheld by screws 34. The guide head 25 has a body portion 35 which iscylindrical and is axially aligned with the tubular housing 21. Aslotted opening 36 is formed through the wall of the housing 21 andextends longitudinally thereof. This opening receives a guide pin3'!which maintains the bolt I6 in a constantly aligned position whileallowing it to reciprocate. Extending rearwardly from the portion 35 ofthe guide head 25 is a lock finger 38. This finger may be formed bycutting away a section of the cylindrical portion 35 for a distance hereshown as representing more than one-half of the diameter of the portion35 so that a fiat guide face 39 will be formed and will extend parallelto the longitudinal axis of the bolt. Extending transversely of thecylindrical housing portion 27 and with its axis normal to thelongitudinal axis of the housing is a pin 49. This pin carries a roller4|, the surface of which contacts the face 39 of the finger 38 andsupports and guides the head 25 while preventing rotation of 1 the headand the bolt around its longitudinal axis. A stop collar 42 is mountedwithin the tubular housing 2! in advanceo'f the roller 4|. It is formedwith a central opening through which the finger 33 extends. Disposedbetween the stop collar 42 and the shoulder formed by theimemher 23 is ahelical expansion spring 43. This tends to urge the bolt I6 to itsoutermost position and to seat the roller I5 within the recess I3 of thestrike plate.

It will be evident that if the lock bolt I 5 is held so that it cannotbe forced to a retracted position the door will remain bolted. It isdesirable to provide a key actuated lock for locking the door in itsbolted position on the outside of the door, and to provide a simple formof latch for locking the bolt against movement on the opposite side ofthe door. A structure for accomplishing this purpose is shownparticularly in Figs. 8 and 4 of the drawing. In Fig. 3 it will be seenthat an extension housing 44 is formed at the inner end of the tubularhousing 21. This extension housing has upper and lower walls 45 whichare arcuate and form continuations of the wall 21 and opposite parallelside walls 46. Between these walls a lock latch 41 is housed. This latchis pivotally mounted upon a transverse pivot pin at extending from oneside wall 46 to the other and being disposed near the inner end of thehousing extension 35. The latch swings vertically and has a free end 49which may swing upwardly and into the path of travel of the lock finger98, Thus, when the free end of the latch 4'1 isin the path of travel ofthe lock finger 38 the lock finger cannot have any retracting movementand the bolt I6 will be held in its bolted position. Normally, the latchis in its lowermost and nonobstructing position. This is brought aboutby a coil spring 59 which is interposed between the upper wall 45 andthe upper face of the latch 41. The spring acts to urge the latch to itslowermost and non-obstructing position. The lower edge of the latch 47is formed with opposite inclined faces 5| and 52, which converge at 53.This line of convergence extends longitudinally of the latch 31 and inthe median plane between the walls 46 of the housing extension 44. Conesand 55 are mounted below the pivotal axis of the latch. The cone 55 issecured to a cylindrical extension 51 carried upon the inner end of akey cylinder 58. The key cylinder is rotatably mounted within a lockbarrel 59 which may reciprocate longitudinally while being splinedagainst rotation within a lock fitting 60 having a face cap 89a forholding the lock barrel 59 in the fitting. The cap 60a is apertured inalinement with the cylinder 58 so that the front end of the latterextends through said cap when the barrel 59 is in its forwardmostposition as shown in Fig. 8. I Barrel 59 and cylinder 58 may com prise astandard Yale key lock assembly in which tumbler means (not shown) areprovided, in the manner well known in the art, to prevent rotation ofthe cylinder 58 in the barrel 59 excepting when a matching key 58a isinserted in said cylinder.

The cylinder 58 in sucha lock is keyed against endwise movement relativeto the barrel 59 and extends a slight distance rearwardly from saidbarrel, where the extension 51 is attached to said cylinder, as bybrazing, as shown in Fig. 11. The barrel 59 has compression springs 59a(Fig. 12)

which preferably extend into bores 592) provided in said barrel andexpand to yieldably hold the barrel in its extreme retracted position asshown in Figs. 8 and 11. The lock fitting is mounted in the outer faceof the door I8 and with its longitudinal axis at right angles to thelongitudinal center of the lock unit II.

against the front face of the door. This fitting is secured in place byscrews 6| which are threaded into the fitting and extend through thedoor and The fitting 59, as shownin Fig. 4 of the drawing, is flanged torest- 5 through a plate62 designed for carrying a knob '63. The lockfitting 60, asshown in Fig. 6 of the drawing, carries a; detent 64mounted upon a pivot 65'. This detent swings transversely of the end, ofthe key cylinder 58 and normally restswith its lower edge in a groove 66cut transversely of the upperface of the cylindrical'extension 51. Aspring 67 tends to urge the detent 64 into this groove. When the detent64 is seated within the groove 56 it will be obvious that the keycylinder 53 will be held against longitudinal movement. It is to beunderstood that at this time the key cylinder and the lock barrel 5!!are in their innermost positions, and that springs 59a. tend to urge thelock barrel 59' to the position shown in Fig. 8' of the drawings. Thecone 55 and the cylindrical extension 51 have a central bore 68extending longitudinally through them and intersecting the groove 66 sothat the lower edge of the detent 64 will extend partly across the bore68 and in an obstructing path to a releasing member to be hereinafterdescribed. It will be understood that when the lock barrel 59 is movedinwardly after having been released it will move the cone 55 inwardly.This cone passes through a side opening 69 in the housing extension 44so that its tapered face may engage the inclined face 5| on the latch 47and as it moves to the inner end of its stroke will raise the latch 41to its obstructing position. This. will cause the lock bolt 16 to beheld against retraction. It will be obvious that if the movement of thecone 55 by the cylinder 58 was the only way in which the detent 41 couldbe retracted the door could only be unlocked by the use of a key in thekey cylinder 58 of the lock.

This is accomplished when the key rotates the cylinder 58 to cause thedetent 64 to release thelock barrel 59 and to permit the cone member 55to retract.

In order to make it possible to release the lock bolt 16 from within aroom, as well as from the outside, the knob 63 is provided. This knob ismounted at the end of a cylindrical actuator member 89a whichreciprocates within a bearing lil carried by the plate 52. It will beunderstood that the cylindrical member 69a is designed to movelongitudinally upon an axis coincident with the axis of the cone 55 andin order to hold the cylindrical member 69c and the knob 63 in theirvarious positions annular grooves Ha, 'Hb, 12a and 12b are cut aroundthe cylindrical member 68a, at appropriate points. Of these grooves,grooves Ha, Nb and 12b are adapted to receive a lock ball 73, which isheld yieldably by a spring M within the bearing portion It. Annulargroove 'iZa is fitted with a split lock ring Hid which limits theretractionof the cylindrical member 69a.

Mounted upon the inner end of the cylindrical member Eta is the cone 5%.This cone extends through an opening in the side wall of the lockextension 45 and bears against the inclined face 52 formed on the. loweredge of the lock latch. It is to be understood that the taper on thecone 55 is oppositefrom that upon cone 55, and that when the cones 55and 55 are positioned as in Fig. 4 their small ends abut against eachother. The small end of the cone 55 is formed with a cylindrical pin 15which is rounded or tapered at its forward end and projects into thebore 53. The length of the projecting pin 76 is such as, to enable it tojust engage the lower edge of the detent 5'4 and to lift it out of thelock groove 66, under circumstances to be explained later so that thespring which tends to urge the lock barrel 59 outwardly withinthe-fitting will be free to move 6 the lock. barrel outwardly and thusrelease the key lock. As this pin. releases the key lock, the cone 56will be free andin aposition to be pressed further inwardly to engagethe inclined face 52 of the latch. and lift it to its obstructingposition.

seen that a modification of. the design of the lock fitting 6'0 isshown.In this modification the lock fitting. is formed with anend cover face6% which has anopening therethrough toaccommodate the end of the keycylinder 58. The outer face of the fitting 60 is here shown as beingflush with the face of the bore so that the: only portion eXtend' ingoutwardly for operationwould be the end of thek'ey cylinder 53.

In operation of the present invention the structure I1 is mounted withina door countersunk in the edge of the bore, as shown, and the strikeplate It is suitably mounted within the door jarnb H. The lock, fittings6i! and 62 are then mounted at opposite sides of the door with theirlock cones 55 and 55 in appropriate position with relation to the latch31. The lock is then ready for operation. If the lock is actuated fromthe outside of the door the lock barrel 59 is forced inwardly. This willcause the cone 55 to engage the inclined face 51 of the latch 41 andlift the free end of the latch to an obstructing position with relationto. the bolt extension 38. The cone 55, in this movement, will move into. where the notch GE is beneaththelatchdetent 64 and, will propel themember 69a outward to where the detent balls '13 will snap into thegroove 12b, thereby withdrawing pin 76 a. sufficient distance from thebore 68 to allow thevv detent 6A to shift down into notch 65 so that,when inward pressure on the lock cylinder is relaxed, this cylinder willbe held inwardly, in actuating relation with bolt latch. 41, by thedetent 64 resting in notch 6%. The withdrawal of pin 1'6 a slightdistance from bore 68 to permit the detent 54 to enter notch 66 iseffected partly by the member 89d being snapped toward the right byentry of the detent balls 13 into the groove 12?), and partly by theslight return leftward of the key lock barrel 59 under its own springpower which takes place when. the inward pressure against thi barrel bythe hand of the operator, is relaxed. The lock barrel 59 can be releasedat any time from the inside of the door by applying force to the knob53, which will cause the pin it to move into the bore 68 and engage thelower edge of the detent 54 and raise the same, so that the lock barrel59 may spring outwardly to a released position. The lock barrel 5.9 maybe releasedfrom the outside of the door by rotatingthe key withincylinder 55 tomove thelatch detent 64 to a position of disengagement-with the groove 65. In the event it is desired to lock thedoor from the inside the knob may be pressed inwardly, as shown in Fig.8 until the cone 55 forces the latch 41 upwardly to its lockingposition. The initial leftward movement of the knob inserts the pinfurther into thev bore 68 bringing the rounded tip of said pin againstthe detent arm 54 so as to lift the latter out of the notch es in thekey lock cylinder extension 51. Immediately upon this release of saidextension from. said detent, the spring action of the key lock barrel59.retracts the barrel, thelock cylinder and the extensiontlf of thelatter to theirextremeleftward positionin which they are shown in Figs.8'and11. Completion of the leftward locking movement of the knob 63follows rapidly-with the lock parts positioned as shown By reference toFig. 7 of the drawing it will be in Fig. 8 and with the knob held in itslatch actuating position by the detent balls 13 being pressed intoannular groove Ha of the member 69a. It will be obvious that the doormay be locked and unlocked from the inside merely by forcing the cone 5Binwardly or retracting the same.

My invention is thus seen to provide a simple lock structure for aswinging door in which the lock bolt will perform the services of aspring detent for yieldably holding the door in closed position but inwhich the bolt may be latched against withdrawal from the strike plate,so as to effectively lock the door closed. This locking may be effectedmanually from either the outside or inside of the door and without theuse of a key. Once locked either from the inside or outside, however,the door may be unlocked manually without a key from the inside. Theinvention further provides that with the door locked either 7 from theoutside or the inside, it may not be unlocked from the outside withoutthe use of a key matching the tumblers of the lock.

' While I have shown the preferred form of my invention as now known tome, it will be understood that various changes may be made incombination, construction and arrangement of parts by those skilled inthe art, without departing from the spirit of the invention as claimed.

Having thu described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent is:

1. A door lock comprising in combination with a lock bolt and a latchtherefor disposed in a plane normal to the edge of the door; controlmeans for said latch including a pair of longitudinally aligned latchmoving means, one disposed upon each side of a door, and each beingmounted for longitudinal reciprocation to control the movement of saidlatch toward and from a latching position, yieldablemeans acting to holdone of said latch moving means in a set position, a key-controlled lockmeans acting to hold the other one of said latch moving means in itslocking position, and means carried by the firstnamed latch moving meansto release the keycontrolled look from the other latch moving means andthereby release the latch.

2. The structure of claim 1 wherein the latch moving means are pushedand pulled along their common longitudinal axis.

3. A door lock comprising a lock unit adapted to be inserted into theedge of a door and including an outer housing, a bolt freely slidabletherein between extended and retracted positions, yieldable means urgingsaid bolt towards its extended position, a latch member shiftable intothe path of said bolt while the latter is extended, to pre vent theretraction of said bolt, means yieldably holding said latch member outof said path, and a pair of latch member actuators mounted to bemanipulated from opposite sides of the door, each of said actuatorsbeing independently movable from its side of the door to actuate saidlatch member to shift the latter into said bolt path, and means forreleasably and automatically retaining each actuator in its latch memberactuating position when said actuator is placed in such position.

4. A combination as in claim 3 including a key controlled lock mountedfor movement with a first one of said actuators-and by manipulation ofwhich said first actuator may be shifted into and I snap locked in latchmember actuating position.

5. A combination as in claim 4 in which said actuators are associatedwhereby movement of either into actuating position causes it to engagethe other actuator, if the latter is in actuating position, and displaceit therefrom; and means associated with the second of said actuators andoperating automatically, when the latter is shifted toward its latchmember actuating position, to release said key controlled lock therebyfreeing said first actuator for displacement from actuating position.

6. A door lock comprising: a housing; a reciprocating locking boltmounted within said housing; a latch in said housing movable into thepath of movement of said bolt for blocking reciprocation thereof; and. apair of oppositely extending independently movable latch operatingmembers each of which is shiftable inwardly to engage and shift saidlatch to bolt blocking position, said members being so opposed that eachmember, when thus shifted inwardly, will shift the other member out ofoperative engagement with said latch if the latter should be so engaged.

7. A door lock comprising: a housing; a recip rocating locking boltmounted within said housing; a latch in said housing movable into thepath of movement of said bolt for blocking reciprocation thereof; and apair of actuator members having conical noses and coaxially mounted insaid housing to be independently reciprocated manually from therespective opposite sides of the door, there being bevelled cam faces onsaid latch which are engageable respectively by said noses, when one orthe other of said members is moved inwardly, whereby the member so movedengages and shifts said latch into bolt blocking position.

8. A combination as in claim 7 in which said members are cylindrical,the first of said mem bers having spaced detent grooves; detent meansengaging said grooves to retain said first member in operative orinoperative position, the second of said members being provided with acentral bore, a deep cut opening into said bore, and a transverse notchin the bottom of said out; a pin formed axially on the nose of saidfirst member said pin having a rounded noseand extending into said boreand said notch when the noses of said members are brought together; aspring pressed detent mounted on said housing to drop into said notchwhen said second member is moved into latch actuating position, therebyretaining said member in said position; a lock barrel slidably andnon-rotatably mounted on said housing; a key cylinder rotatably mountedin said barrel coaxial with said second member and connected to thesame, rotation of said key cylinder in said barrel being key controlled,such rotation being operative to dislodge said detent from said notchand free said second member therefrom; and spring mea'ns'withdr-awingsaid second member from actuating relation with said latch when thusfreed from said detent.

9. A door lock comprising a housing adapted to be mounted in an edgeportion of a door; a door bolt mounted within said housing for extensioninto a locking position, and retraction there from into an unlockingposition; a latch mounted within said housing and movable toward andaway from a position in which said latch obstructs the retraction ofsaid bolt; a key controlled lock cylinder mounted on said housing to beshiftable inwardwhen key actuated; a pair of latch control membersone'of-which is mounted on said cylinder and actuated by movementthereof, the other member being permanently mounted in said housing andshiftable inwardly from the opposite side of said door, said latch 9being extended into bolt obstructing position by either of said membersbeing shifted inwardly; a detent automatically operative to retain saidcylinder in an inwardly shifted position; means responsive to keyactuation of said cylinder to 5 release the latter from said detent; andmeans provided on said other member, and operative when the latter isshifted inwardly as aforesaid, for releasing said cylinder from saiddetent, from the opposite side of the door.

10. A combination as in claim 9 including spring means operative towithdrawsaid cylinder and the member mounted thereon outwardly fromlatch actuating position upon the release of said cylinder from saiddetent'; and means for yieldably retaining said other member in eitheran inward latch actuating position or in an outward inoperativeposition.

DANIEL C. HAY.

10 REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the fileof this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS

